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When dimensioning and selecting plant components, the supply systems data, supply system conditions and operating modes must be taken into account for these components.

The most important data for a supply system include the rated voltage and rated frequency. These data for the supply system are designated as rated values in accordance with international agreements.

Generally used rated voltages and rated frequencies

In Europe the EN 60038 standard "CENELEC standard voltages" applies.

This standard includes most of the international standard IEC 60038, 7. Edition, 2009, "IEC standard voltages".

The IEC 60038 standard is the result of an international agreement to reduce the diverse rated voltage values that are in use for electrical supply networks and traction power supplies, load installations and equipment.

As concerns the low-voltage range, note that in the EN 60038 the 220 V/380 V values (previously applicable in continental Europe) and 240 V/415 V values (previously applicable in the United Kingdom) for three-phase networks have been replaced by a single standardized value of 230 V/400 V. The supply frequency in Europe is 50 Hz.

The tolerances for the rated voltages of the supply systems that were specified for the transition period up to 2003 were intended to ensure that equipment rated for the existing voltages could be operated safely until the end of its service life.

Year	Rated voltage	Tolerance range
Up to 1987	220 V/380 V	-10% to +10%
1988 to 2003	230 V/400 V	-10% to + 6%
Since 2003	230 V/400 V	-10% to +10%

Conversion of low-voltage systems

Supply voltages over 400 V (e.g. 500 V, 690 V) are occasionally used in Europe in large industrial plants.

The IEC recommendation of 230 V/400 V has been implemented as national regulation in the most important countries, as far as the conditions in these countries allow.

In North America, Central America and some northern South American countries the rated value for AC supply voltage is 120 V; but twice the supply voltage, i.e. 240 V, is common for larger loads. The low-voltage supply systems are normally implemented in these countries as single-phase three-conductor systems. Three-phase AC current is often unavailable to small consumers, if it exists at all, so the voltage is 208 V or 415 V. Three-phase networks are available for larger consumers at 480 V. The supply frequency is 60 Hz.

In Asia, AC supply voltages of 100 V or 110 V (50 Hz or 60 Hz) are also common.

Worldwide, numerous country-specific and regional characteristics prevail about which the local plant operators must be directly consulted.

International supply voltages and frequencies in low-voltage systems

Country	Line voltage
Western Europe:
Belgium	50 Hz 230/400 – 127-220 V
Denmark	50 Hz 230/400 V
Germany	50 Hz 230/400 V
Finland	50 Hz 230/400-500¹⁾ – 660¹⁾ V
France	50 Hz 127/220 – 230/400 – 500¹⁾– 380/660¹⁾– 525/910¹⁾V
Greece	50 Hz 230/400 – 127/220²⁾V
Great Britain	50 Hz 230/400 V
Ireland	50 Hz 230/400 V
Iceland	50 Hz 127/220²⁾ – 230/400 V
Italy	50 Hz 127/220 – 230/400 V
Luxembourg	50 Hz 230/400 V
The Netherlands	50 Hz 230/400 – 660¹⁾V
Northern Ireland	50 Hz 230/400 – Belfast 220/380 V
Norway	50 Hz 230-230/400-500¹⁾ – 690¹⁾ V
Austria	50 Hz 230/400 – 500¹⁾ – 690¹⁾ V
Portugal	50 Hz 230/400 V
Sweden	50 Hz 230/400 V
Switzerland	50 Hz 230/400 – 500²⁾ V
Spain	50 Hz 230/400 V

Eastern Europe:
Albania	50 Hz 230/400 V
Bulgaria	50 Hz 230/400 V
Russian Federation	50 Hz 230/400 – 690¹⁾ V
Croatia	50 Hz 230/400 V
Poland	50 Hz 230/400 V
Romania	50 Hz 230/400 V
Serbia	50 Hz 230/400 V
Slovakia	50 Hz 230/400 – 500¹⁾ – 690¹⁾ V
Slovenia	50 Hz 230/400 V
Czech Republic	50 Hz 230/400 – 500¹⁾ – 690¹⁾ V
Hungary	50 Hz 230/400 V

Country	Line voltage
Middle East:
Afghanistan	50 Hz 220/380 V
Bahrain	50 Hz 230/400 V
Cyprus	50 Hz 240/415 V
Iraq	50 Hz 220/380 V
Israel	50 Hz 230/400 V
Jordan	50 Hz 220/380 V
Kuwait	50 Hz 240/415 V
Lebanon	50 Hz 110/190 – 220/380 V
Oman	50 Hz 220/380 – 240/415 V
Qatar	50 Hz 240/415 V
Saudi Arabia	60 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 – 480¹⁾ V (220/380 – 240/415 V 50 Hz: a few remaining areas only)
Syria	50 Hz 115/200 – 220-380 – 400¹⁾ V
Turkey	50 Hz 220/380 V (parts of Istanbul: 110/190 V)
United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi; Ajman; Dubai; Fujairah; Ras al Khaymah; Sharjah; Um al Qaywayn)	50 Hz 220/380 – 240/415 V
Yemen (North)	50 Hz 220/380 V
Yemen (South)	50 Hz 230/400 V
Far East:
Bangladesh	50 Hz 230/400 V
Burma	50 Hz 230/400 V
People's Republic of China	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V (in mining: 1140 V)
Hong Kong	50 Hz 200/346 V
India	50 Hz 220/380 – 230/400 – 240/415 V
Indonesia	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 – 400¹⁾V
Japan	50 Hz 100/200 – 400¹⁾ V
South Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Hokkaido, North Honshu	60 Hz 110/220 – 440¹⁾V
Cambodia	50 Hz 120/208 V – Phnom Penh 220/238 V
Korea (North)	60 Hz 220/380 V
Korea (South)	60 Hz 100/200²⁾ – 220/380 – 440¹⁾ V
Malaysia	50 Hz 240/415 V
People's Republic of Mongolia	50 Hz 220/380 V
Pakistan	50 Hz 230/400 V
Philippines	60 Hz 110/220 – 440 V
Singapore	50 Hz 240/415 V
Sri Lanka	50 Hz 230/400 V
Taiwan	60 Hz 110/220 – 220 – 440 V
Thailand	50 Hz 220/380 V
Vietnam	50 Hz 220/380 V

Country	Line voltage
North America:
Canada	60 Hz 600 – 120/240 – 460 – 575 V
USA	60 Hz 120/208 – 120/240 – 277/480 – 600¹⁾ V

Central America:
Bahamas	60 Hz 115/200 – 120/208 V
Barbados	50 Hz 110/190 – 120/208 V
Belize	60 Hz 110/220 – 220/440 V
Costa Rica	60 Hz 120/208²⁾– 120/240 – 127/220 – 254/440²⁾– 227/480¹⁾ V
Dominican Republic	60 Hz 120/208 – 120/240 – 480¹⁾V
Guatemala	60 Hz 120/208 – 120/240 – 127/220 – 277/480¹⁾– 480¹⁾– 550¹⁾ V
Haiti	50 Hz 220/380 V (Jacmel), 60 Hz 110/220 V
Honduras	60 Hz 110/220 – 127/220 – 277/480 V
Jamaica	50 Hz 110/220 – 440¹⁾ V
Cuba	60 Hz 120/240 – 220/380 – 277/480¹⁾– 440¹⁾V
Mexico	60 Hz 127/220 – 440¹⁾V
Nicaragua	60 Hz 110/220 – 120/240 – 127/220 – 220/440 – 254/40¹⁾V
Panama	60 Hz 120/208¹⁾– 120/240 – 254/4401 – 277/480¹⁾V
Puerto Rico	60 Hz 120/208 – 480 V
El Salvador	60 Hz 110/220 – 120/208 – 127/220 – 220/440 – 240/480¹⁾– 254/440¹⁾ V
Trinidad	60 Hz 110/220 – 120/240 – 230/400 V

South America:
Argentina	50 Hz 220/380 V
Bolivia	60 Hz 220/380 – 480 V, 50 Hz 110/220 – 220/380 V (exception)
Brazil	60 Hz 110/220 – 220/440 – 127/220 – 220/380 V
Chile	50 Hz 220/380 V
Ecuador	60 Hz 120/208 – 127/220 V
Guyana	50 Hz 110/220 V (Georgetown), 60 Hz 110/220 – 240/480 V
Columbia	60 Hz 110/220 – 150/260 – 440 V
Paraguay	60 Hz 220/380 – 220/440 V
Peru	60 Hz 220 – 220/380/440 V
Surinam	60 Hz 115/230 – 127/220 V
Uruguay	50 Hz 220 V
Venezuela	60 Hz 120/208 – 120/240 – 208/416 – 240/480 V

Country	Line voltage
Africa:
Egypt	50 Hz 110/220 – 220/380 V
Ethiopia	50 Hz 220/380 V
Algeria	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Angola	50 Hz 220/380 V
Benin	50 Hz 220/380 V
Ivory Coast	50 Hz 220/380 V
Gabon	50 Hz 220/380 V
Ghana	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Guinea	50 Hz 220/380 V
Kenya	50 Hz 220/380 V
Cameroon	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Congo	50 Hz 220/380 V
Liberia	60 Hz 120/208 – 120/240 V
Libya	50 Hz 127/220²⁾ – 220/380 V
Madagascar	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Malawi	50 Hz 220/380 V
Mali	50 Hz 220/380 V
Morocco	50 Hz 115/200 – 127/220 – 220/380 – 500¹⁾V
Mauritius	50 Hz 240/415 V
Mozambique	50 Hz 220/380 V
Namibia	50 Hz 220/380 V
Niger	50 Hz 220/380 V
Nigeria	50 Hz 220/415 V
Rwanda	50 Hz 220/380 V
Zambia	50 Hz 220/380 V – 415 – 550¹⁾V
Senegal	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Sierra Leone	50 Hz 220/380 V
Somalia	50 Hz 220-220/440 V
Sudan	50 Hz 240/415 V
South Africa	50 Hz 220/380 – 500¹⁾– 550/950¹⁾V
Swaziland	50 Hz 220/380 V
Tanzania	50 Hz 230/400 V
Togo	50 Hz 127/220 – 220/380 V
Tunisia	50 Hz 115/200 – 220/380 V
Uganda	50 Hz 240/415 V
Zaire	50 Hz 220/380 V
Zimbabwe	50 Hz 220/380 V

¹⁾ Industry only

²⁾ No further expansion

Connection and fusing on the line side

All SITOP and LOGO!Power supplies are built-in devices. Compliance with the pertinent country-specific regulations is essential for installation and electrical connection of the devices. During installation, protective gear and isolating gear must be provided for activating the power supply.

Power supply units cause a current inrush immediately after connection of the input voltage due to charging of the load capacitor, however, it falls back to the rated input current level after a few milliseconds. Aside from the internal impedances of the power supply, the inrush current is dependent on the size of the input voltage applied as well as the source impedance of the supply network and the line impedance of the supply line. The maximum inrush current for the power supplies is specified in the applicable technical data. It is important for dimensioning upstream protective devices.

Single-phase SITOP and LOGO!Power supplies are equipped with internal device protection (fuses). For connection to the supply system, only one protective device (fuse or MCB) must be provided for line protection in accordance with the rated current of the installed cable. The circuit-breakers recommended in the data sheets and operating instructions have been selected such that even during the maximum current inrush that can occur under worst-case conditions on switching on the supply voltage, the circuit-breaker will not trip. A two-pole connected miniature circuit-breaker is required for the connection of certain device types.

Three-phase SITOP power supplies do not have internal device protection. The up-circuit protective device (3-phase coupled miniature circuit breaker or motor protection switch) protects the cables and devices. The protective devices specified in the data sheets and operating instructions are optimized to the characteristics of the relevant power supplies.

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